For Most Middle Class Americans, The Dream Of A Stable,

For most middle class Americans, the dream of a stable, well-paying job is a fiction of a past long-departed. With the arrival of the modern system of flexible labor, working class America has waved goodbye to the economic prosperity championed by its forefathers—and begrudgingly welcomed an economy marked by stagnant income levels, dismal prospects of upward mobility, and a lowered seat at the workplace bargaining table. But as many prepare to bury the American Dream as a relic of days past, there endures a spirit of hope within some circles about the prospects of a brighter economic future for working class Americans. While the debate persists over the admirable goals of re-arming America’s unions and implementing a universal basic†¦show more content†¦The disintegration of America’s middle class has not gone unchallenged, however. As American workers have seen their once healthy wages and robust benefits slip from their grasp, many have clinged tightl y to the protection of unions. Nodding to the well-documented victories of union members in the mid-1900s, unions in today’s flexible economy have often resorted to the tried-and-true methods of collective bargaining to defend themselves. But while these techniques proved successful in the Fordist economies of the mid-1900s, they have been largely ineffective in their attempts to protect workers in a post-Fordist economy that has made employers less dependent upon their workers. As a result, union participation rates in the United States have dropped from nearly one in three during the 1950s to a modern rate of only one in ten—with the U.S now donning one the lowest unionization rates in the world. Amidst Fordism’s collapse, American workers have found themselves questioning where they can find their footing in today’s economy. Many believe that a resurgence of the American middle class demands a reclamation of the formidable unions of our past. After all, stronger unions have historically led to expanded healthcare, stronger pensions, and increased productivity in the workforce. To achieve this revitalization, scholars have foregrounded an array of methods currently employed in workplaces in both the United States andShow MoreRelatedThe American Dream Through Various Eyes1270 Words   |  6 PagesThe American Dream Through Various Eyes In a country that is based around the idea that you can be anyone and do anything, one would think that most Americans all want the typical â€Å"American Dream.† Many would agree that when we think American Dream, we think fancy yachts, designer clothing, and big buildings, but is that really what the dream is all about? By definition, the American Dream is defined as, â€Å"the idea that every U.S. citizen should have equal opportunity to achieve success and prosperityRead MoreThe American Dream : Dead, Alive, Or On Hold?1104 Words   |  5 PagesOne of his published works, The American Dream: Dead, Alive, or on Hold?, debates his interpretation of the notion of the American Dream and whether the concept is dead, alive, or on hold. The speaker emphasizes his belief that the common phrase is still alive within America and that one must work hard in order to achieve it. When it comes to the topic of the American Dream, King will eagerly agree that the idea is still alive and thriving in the minds of Americans; however, I deem that the idea isRead MoreAnalysis Of The American Dream1063 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is the American Dream? Is it home ownership, gaining fame or wealth, having a great family or is it gaining a peace of mind? 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A practical criticism of Chapter 20 of Captain Corelli’s Mandolin Free Essays

Louis de berniires wrote this chapter in the third person narrative, nonetheless, the narrator does not indicate to us who this ‘wild man of the ice’ actually is. We assume that he indeed does know who this man is. The opening of the chapter is quite an idyllic picture created by Pelagia with her mention of seeing, ‘Her first butterfly of the year,’ which gives the reader a sense of bliss as well as Pelagia. We will write a custom essay sample on A practical criticism of Chapter 20 of Captain Corelli’s Mandolin or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, this idyllic picture is shattered in the second chapter as she saw, ‘There was a stranger seated at the kitchen table,’ she described the man as, ‘A most horrible and wild stranger who looked worse than the brigands of childhood tales. ‘ This particular sentence indicates to the reader a sense of foreboding. Although, we later find out that this man is Mandras, now neither Pelagia nor we have any idea. This then proves a scenario than many people dread and some can even relate to, coming home and finding a strange in your home. This is a nightmare situation, and although we do not have a detailed description of Pelagia’s feelings, the reader would have a good idea of how she felt at that moment. In a way, this is clever by de berniires as he is leaving the reader to become Pelagia and feel the feelings she is feeling. Although, this is only one interpretation of this section, it does seem like an intention of de berniires as he does not go into a lot of detail about Pelagia’s feelings now, but in other parts of the book, he does. Following this, de berniires shows us the state that Mandras is in, he uses a lot of very descriptive and quite gruesome images created of Mandras’, ‘Suppurating wounds,’ and the, ‘reek of rotting flesh. ‘ These images help to create an image of how Mandras may have appeared to Pelagia and do help to prove the fact of why he is unrecognisable to Pelagia. De Berniires has given us a lot of information about Mandras at this point and Pelagia sees very uneasy and she can only say that her, ‘Father’s out,’ which indicates her level of diffidence. We can also see form Mandras’ speech that because of his physical pain he is projecting a sense of mental instability. This could be evident from his short sentences and his bad language. He comes a point of almost breaking down where he is accusing his perpetrators as, ‘Bastards, Bastards,’ but Pelagia, although appalled, seems to try and be sensible and not try anything untoward, by just asking him to leave, in not so many words. From this Mandras begins to talk very quickly and he seems very uncomfortable until finally he asks Pelagia to look at his hands. He then, ‘Held them up to her, palm outwards in the gesture that would normally be an insult,’ which showed Pelagia the extent of the injuries he had been subject to, which may have made her feel sorry for him. On the other hand, it may just have made her feel unwell. After this, Mandras again begins with his quick-paced narrative. He begins by talking about the way, ‘The ice screams. It shrieks. ‘ This could be a failure of communication of the part of Mandras and an idea of his mind playing tricks on him. This would highlight what the war had done to Mandras, and shows us the situation he was in. It also specifies the kind of physical torture he must have endured. There is also a point that he may have been subject to extremely cold weather and may have lost his fingers to frostbite. This would explain this section of the chapter quite clearly. The sentences are very abrupt and every sentence is almost self-contained. Due to the fact that the sentences are short and sharp and as the sentences are disjointed we can clearly see the madness of Mandras. Following this section, we can see that Pelagia is beginning to get desperate, this desperation if evident in the tone of voice she uses. She wants him to leave and pleads with him. This may or may not be an indication of sorrow and tearfulness. However, when she pleads for him to leave, it does seem to provoke a reaction in Mandras. This reaction is the first response that she has received from him, this could prove to Pelagia that maybe he is not a, ‘Wild man,’ and that he is probably a man. On the other hand, Pelagia still has no idea who he is and why he is here in her kitchen. As a result, the narrator then has decided upon the introduction of Psipsina. This is very important and is probably the turning point of the chapter. There is a sudden change in atmosphere and this is an indication of reality being restored. This is introduced by firstly, the realisation that, ‘At least Psipsina remembers me. ‘ This is a very revealing sentence as it brings Pelagia’s thought to a different place. It makes her wonder who this man actually is. Pelagia knows how, ‘Psipsina was afraid of strangers,’ and this begged the question form her about, ‘how did this ghastly ruin know her name? ‘ Although these questions seem inconsiderate, she suddenly had a thought of maybe this was her beloved Mandras. This may have seemed like a very good guess, but it also may have been something she was always thinking in the back of her mind. Although she kept calling him, ‘ghastly,’ and, ‘wild,’ she may have been only saying these things to try and block out the truth. This could be described as a manipulation of her mind and could be a disguise for her anger towards Mandras. This anger would be because Mandras went and got badly injured, which is an idea that some people adopt as it could be a reckless thing for them to do. In this case is it could also be that Pelagia was calling him so many different things to block out any possibility of it being Mandras. When Mandras realises that Pelagia has recognised her, he describes how he has, ‘got lice,’ and how he, ‘Shat himself when a bomb fell,’ which specifies how maybe all he wants is to be with her, but he does not want to subject her to all the troubles he has been victim to. This provides an answer as to why he did not to tell her who he was straight away. Subsequent to finding out about Mandras, Pelagia then begins questioning him about why, ‘You never wrote to me,’ which is an accusation that Mandras can only answer truthfully by telling Pelagia that he, ‘Can’t write. ‘ This is a new idea introduced by de berniires and does make Pelagia think of why he had not tried other things like, ‘couldn’t someone else have written for you? ‘ We now see an element of Pelagia as a young immature girl and Mandras as a mature person. Where before Pelagia had realised it was Mandras, these roles were reversed. The maturity of Mandras could be associated with the things he has faced in war, and now that he is able to talk, he beings to apologise and explain. Mandras is further depicted by the narrator as, ‘An infinity of fatigue,’ which is connected with his eyes, but could well be a generalisation for his whole body at this moment. We see his frailty being embellished as, ‘He tried to steady his cup to drink, failed, and put it down on the table. ‘ This reminds us simply that he is severely injured even though he is know talking instead of the painful silence and very disjointed sentences spoken earlier in the chapter. Furthermore, this provokes Pelagia to ask about the letters she had sent to him. Mandras, ‘Fumbled inside his clothing and drew out a huge and bedraggled packet bound together with tripwire. ‘ It showed to Pelagia that he had indeed received the letters, but he then stated that he, ‘Couldn’t read them,’ which would have made Mandras seem very inferior, but he now seems more powerful and this illiteracy does not seem to dumb him down that much. However, Pelagia then tries to take control by not reading the letters to Mandras when he asked her to, ‘Even if it’s too late. This creates a sense of longing and makes us have pity toward him, but rather than Pelagia pitying him, she takes control by saying that she will read them, ‘Later. ‘ This is ironic as later Mandras forces her to read them to him, which gives he may think gives him back his control. However, the fact that Pelagia can read and he cannot still gives her the power o ver him. After all this has gone on Mandras simply fondles Psipsina and thinks that, ‘Only the animals know me. ‘ Yet, it seems that Pelagia does know take pity of him as she sits with him and comforts him at the end of the chapter. The way Mandras, ‘Buried his face in his hands and began to rock like an injured child,’ does point to a very scared and lonely position. People who want to shut themselves out form the world and live in a world of their own adopt this position. Therefore, Pelagia notices this and tries to comfort him, and maybe succeeds in letting Mandras know that she will be there for him. This would have made him feel that he is not alone and even though he is physically repulsive, Pelagia is more interested in his feelings more. How to cite A practical criticism of Chapter 20 of Captain Corelli’s Mandolin, Papers

Chemistry And Atom Essay Example For Students

Chemistry And Atom Essay Throughout the discovery of the atom, many scientists worked to formulate howthe atom works. Which began in the early 1800s with John Dalton, to ourcurrent model of the electron cloud developed by Schrodinger. During this longprocess of the discovery the atom, took many models and scientists. The entiregroup of scientists who assisted in the discovery of the atom used eachothers model to improve each others theories. Firstly, John Dalton showedthat, collectively, the three laws, the law of definite proportion, the law ofconversation of masses, and the law of multiple proportion. These three lawsdemonstrate the existence of the atom. Also, Using these three laws he developeda theory called, Daltons Atomic Theory. This includes five basic principles;1) all matter is made of indivisible and indestructible atoms, 2) atoms of agiven element are identical in their physical and chemical properties, 3) atomsof different elements have different physical and chemical properties, 4) atomsof dif ferent elements combine in simple whole-number ratios to form chemicalcompounds, 5) atoms cannot be subdivided, created or destroyed when they arecombined, separated, or rearranged in chemical reactions. However, afterscientists look more carefully at his points they found some weaknesses. Oneweakness was that the atom was found to be indivisible, and they had smallerparticles. After Dalton came up with the five points, J.J. Thompson came along. He discovered that charged and magnets deflected the straight paths of cathoderays. In addition, he discovered negative and positive charged particles. Hestated that the atom was made of smaller particles called, electrons andprotons. In the discovery of the electron he used the Cathode-ray tube. As heresearched he came up with a model of the atom, he stated that the atom was aplum pudding model. This model featured negatively charged electronsembedded in a ball of positive charge. After, J.J. Thompson came ErnstRutherford, who was a student of Mr. Thompson. He created gold-foilexperiment which untimely-disproved J.J. Thompsons theory. In thisexperiment he directed a beam of alpha particles at a very thin gold foil sheet. This was so the Rutherford could measure the angles of the particles coming offthe gold foil. Sheet. Most of the alpha particles went through the sheet,however some of the particles hit the foil and bounced back. The reason of thiswas that the particles that bounced off the nucleus and the particles that wentstraight through traveled in the empty space. The major was that his experimentwas that the atom would eventually lose its energy and collapse in the nucleus. Around 1913, a Danish physicist named Niels Bohr came up with a new model tofurther our knowledge of the atom. In his model, he purposes that the electronsin the atom can reside only to certain energy levels. He related his model to aladder, a person can stand on the rungs of the ladder, and however it isimpossible for a person to stand between the rungs. The only way for theelectron to jump to the next level is for it to have a Quantum leap. Which isthe leap from one energy level to another, and the lowest energy level is calledthe ground state. Thus, comes to the conclusion that electrons are quantized. Helping Bohrs model become superior, Plank declared that energy comes inpackets or bundles of energy that is discontinued. This went all againstclassical science and he was not favored with the other scientist. Helping proveBohrs model he used the bright-line spectrum, which helped him prove hismodel. There was one flaw in his model, which was that it did not work withmultiple elements. After Bohr and Plank, another educated scientist came alongwho was DeBroglie, he purposed the Wave Particle Duality Theory. This theorystated that matter can act like waves, and waves can act like particles. Toprove his theory he used the mathematical expression of mc=hc. Which meant thatthe m stood for the mass particles and the stood for the wavelength. TakingDeBroglies model to a further extent was Heisanburg; he treated electrons asparticles. He came up with the uncertainly principal. In addition, he statedthat the exact location of the electron couldnt be determined. However, hecould predict a re gion in space where the probability of finding the electron ishigh. This predicted region of high probability was named the electron cloud. .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41 , .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41 .postImageUrl , .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41 , .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41:hover , .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41:visited , .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41:active { border:0!important; } .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41:active , .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41 .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u314345d11e66b831c5483d7d14be7c41:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Introduction EssayThe electron cloud was like a chaotic motion of electrons. However, Heisanburgdid not treat the electron as a wave. On the other hand, Schrodinger consideredthe electron as a wave. Furthermore, he modified the wave equation, to formclassical physics to fit the concept. In the equation, Schrodinger relates theprobability region directly to the energy region. In the result of this action aplot of equations provides a three dimensional picture of the electron cloud. Schrodingers theory of the atom is our current model of the electron cloud. Throughout, the existence of the atom many scientists came up with differentmodels and ideas. Furthermore, each one of the scientists used one another toprogress the model of the atom. With each one of the scientists contributing tothe model, we were able to create a good model. By using the scientific methodwe gain the information of the atom, and we will continue to learn about it asmore scientists come along.